The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between running habits and specific executive functions. Three cognitive function tests were administered virtually to men and women ages 18 – 61 through a validated web-based application (PsyToolKit) and were preceded by a demographic questionnaire. A total of 199 participants were analyzed. The cognitive functions assessed were cognitive inhibition by the Stroop Color and Word Test, visuospatial short-term working memory by the Corsi block-tapping test, and working memory capacity by the 2-back task. A linear regression was used to determine relationships between running and cognitive function. Significant correlations were found for all three tests. Stroop Color and Word Test correct matches positively correlated with running days (r = 0.123, p = 0.042). Corsi block-tapping test highest score negatively correlated with running miles (r = -0.155, p = 0.033). 2-back task median reaction time negatively correlated with running days (r = -0.147, p = 0.041). 2-back task mean reaction time negatively correlated with running miles (r = -0.0158, p = 0.028) and running days (r = -0.162, p = 0.024). 2-back task missed questions negatively correlated with running miles (r = -0.167, p = 0.02) and running days (r = -0.151, p=0.036). 2-back task correct matches positively correlated with running miles (r = 0.171, p = 0.017). While these correlations do not imply causation, results indicate a general improvement of cognitive test scores as individuals increase running volume. Study results suggest that running on a regular basis may be beneficial for improvement of executive functions, especially cognitive inhibition and working memory capacity. The data also suggest a possible dose-response relationship.
